Mexico is a country full of vibrant culture, rich history, stunning landscapes, and diverse traditions. From its ancient civilizations to its modern cultural phenomena, Mexico never ceases to fascinate. Here are ten fun and interesting facts that will give you a deeper insight into this colorful country.
1. Home to One of the New Seven Wonders of the World
Mexico is home to Chichen Itza, an ancient Mayan city that has been named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. The most iconic structure within Chichen Itza is El Castillo (The Castle), a pyramid that stands as a testament to the architectural genius of the Mayan civilization. During the equinoxes in March and September, the shadow of the serpent god Kukulkan can be seen slithering down the pyramid’s steps—a phenomenon that draws thousands of visitors every year.
2. Birthplace of Chocolate
If you’re a chocolate lover, you have Mexico to thank for this delectable treat! The ancient Aztecs and Mayans were among the first to discover and cultivate cacao beans. They used cacao to create a bitter drink mixed with spices, which was considered the “food of the gods.” The word “chocolate” even comes from the Nahuatl word xocolatl, which means “bitter water.”
3. Mexico’s Diverse Geography
Mexico’s geography is incredibly diverse, ranging from lush jungles and expansive deserts to mountain ranges and beautiful beaches. The country has over 9,000 kilometers of coastline, with access to the Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea. In fact, Mexico has more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the Americas, with over 30 cultural and natural sites!
4. A World Leader in Biodiversity
Mexico is one of the world’s most biodiverse countries, home to more than 200,000 different species. This accounts for about 10-12% of the world’s biodiversity. The country is especially rich in its variety of reptiles and amphibians, boasting the most reptile species of any country on earth.
5. The First University in North America
You might think that the oldest university in North America would be found in the United States, but it’s actually located in Mexico. The National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) was established in 1551, making it one of the oldest universities in the world. UNAM’s main campus is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its iconic murals by famous Mexican artists like Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siqueiros.
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6. A Rich History of Indigenous Civilizations
Before the arrival of the Spanish in the early 16th century, Mexico was home to several advanced indigenous civilizations, including the Aztecs, Mayans, and Olmecs. The Olmecs are considered the “mother culture” of Mexico, as they laid the foundations for many of the later civilizations. The Mayans are particularly renowned for their advanced knowledge of astronomy, architecture, and mathematics, while the Aztecs are famous for their massive empire centered around present-day Mexico City.
7. Mexican Cuisine: UNESCO-Recognized and World-Renowned
Mexican cuisine is so beloved and iconic that it has been recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The traditional dishes of Mexico, such as tacos, tamales, and mole, have become staples in many countries around the world. One of the most popular Mexican dishes, guacamole, was first created by the Aztecs and remains a favorite to this day. The variety of flavors, spices, and fresh ingredients makes Mexican cuisine both unique and irresistible.
8. Home of the Mariachi
Mariachi music is one of Mexico’s most well-known cultural exports. Originating in the state of Jalisco in the 18th century, mariachi bands traditionally consist of violins, trumpets, and a variety of stringed instruments. The lively and festive music is an essential part of Mexican celebrations and has been recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage. It’s nearly impossible to visit Mexico without hearing the vibrant sounds of a mariachi band at least once.
9. Mexico City: Sinking Slowly and Steadily
Mexico City, built on the ancient ruins of the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan, is slowly sinking due to the soft clay soil and groundwater extraction. In fact, parts of the city are sinking at a rate of up to 50 centimeters per year! Despite this, Mexico City remains one of the largest and most dynamic cities in the world, with a population of over 21 million people.
10. The Festival of the Dead: Dia de los Muertos
Dia de los Muertos, or the Day of the Dead, is one of Mexico’s most famous and celebrated traditions. Unlike the somber tone of many cultures’ remembrances of the dead, this festival is a joyful celebration of life and death. Families create ofrendas (altars) adorned with marigold flowers, sugar skulls, and photographs of loved ones who have passed away. Celebrated on November 1st and 2nd, Dia de los Muertos blends pre-Hispanic traditions with Catholic influences, creating a unique and colorful holiday that has been recognized by UNESCO as part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Final Thoughts
From its ancient ruins and rich history to its vibrant traditions and natural beauty, Mexico offers a wealth of surprises. Whether you’re exploring the ancient Mayan pyramids, enjoying a spicy taco, or dancing to the lively rhythms of a mariachi band, there’s no shortage of fascinating things to discover in this incredible country. These fun facts only scratch the surface of what makes Mexico such a captivating destination. So, the next time you plan a trip, consider diving deeper into Mexico’s history, culture, and natural wonders to experience all that it has to offer.
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